Artificial intelligence for the detection of COVID-19 pneumonia on chest CT using multinational datasets.
Identifieur interne : 000930 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000929; suivant : 000931Artificial intelligence for the detection of COVID-19 pneumonia on chest CT using multinational datasets.
Auteurs : Stephanie A. Harmon [États-Unis] ; Thomas H. Sanford [États-Unis] ; Sheng Xu [États-Unis] ; Evrim B. Turkbey [États-Unis] ; Holger Roth [États-Unis] ; Ziyue Xu [États-Unis] ; Dong Yang [États-Unis] ; Andriy Myronenko [États-Unis] ; Victoria Anderson [États-Unis] ; Amel Amalou [États-Unis] ; Maxime Blain [États-Unis] ; Michael Kassin [États-Unis] ; Dilara Long [États-Unis] ; Nicole Varble [États-Unis] ; Stephanie M. Walker [États-Unis] ; Ulas Bagci [États-Unis] ; Anna Maria Ierardi [Italie] ; Elvira Stellato [Italie] ; Guido Giovanni Plensich [Italie] ; Giuseppe Franceschelli [Italie] ; Cristiano Girlando [Italie] ; Giovanni Irmici [Italie] ; Dominic Labella [États-Unis] ; Dima Hammoud [États-Unis] ; Ashkan Malayeri [États-Unis] ; Elizabeth Jones [États-Unis] ; Ronald M. Summers [États-Unis] ; Peter L. Choyke [États-Unis] ; Daguang Xu [États-Unis] ; Mona Flores [États-Unis] ; Kaku Tamura [Japon] ; Hirofumi Obinata [Japon] ; Hitoshi Mori [Japon] ; Francesca Patella [Italie] ; Maurizio Cariati [Italie] ; Gianpaolo Carrafiello [Italie] ; Peng An [République populaire de Chine] ; Bradford J. Wood [États-Unis] ; Baris Turkbey [États-Unis]Source :
- Nature communications [ 2041-1723 ] ; 2020.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Algorithmes (MeSH), Apprentissage profond (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (isolement et purification), Enfant (MeSH), Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH), Femelle (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Imagerie tridimensionnelle (méthodes), Infections à coronavirus (diagnostic), Infections à coronavirus (imagerie diagnostique), Infections à coronavirus (virologie), Intelligence artificielle (MeSH), Interprétation d'images radiographiques assistée par ordinateur (méthodes), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Pandémies (MeSH), Pneumopathie virale (imagerie diagnostique), Pneumopathie virale (virologie), Poumon (imagerie diagnostique), Sujet âgé (MeSH), Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus (MeSH), Techniques de laboratoire clinique (méthodes), Tomodensitométrie (méthodes).
- MESH :
- diagnostic : Infections à coronavirus.
- imagerie diagnostique : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale, Poumon.
- isolement et purification : Betacoronavirus.
- méthodes : Imagerie tridimensionnelle, Interprétation d'images radiographiques assistée par ordinateur, Techniques de laboratoire clinique, Tomodensitométrie.
- virologie : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Algorithmes, Apprentissage profond, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Humains, Intelligence artificielle, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Pandémies, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Aged, 80 and over (MeSH), Algorithms (MeSH), Artificial Intelligence (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (isolation & purification), Child (MeSH), Child, Preschool (MeSH), Clinical Laboratory Techniques (methods), Coronavirus Infections (diagnosis), Coronavirus Infections (diagnostic imaging), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Deep Learning (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Imaging, Three-Dimensional (methods), Lung (diagnostic imaging), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Pneumonia, Viral (diagnostic imaging), Pneumonia, Viral (virology), Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted (methods), Tomography, X-Ray Computed (methods), Young Adult (MeSH).
- MESH :
- diagnosis : Coronavirus Infections.
- diagnostic imaging : Coronavirus Infections, Lung, Pneumonia, Viral.
- isolation & purification : Betacoronavirus.
- methods : Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Tomography, X-Ray Computed.
- virology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Child, Child, Preschool, Deep Learning, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pandemics, Young Adult.
Abstract
Chest CT is emerging as a valuable diagnostic tool for clinical management of COVID-19 associated lung disease. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to aid in rapid evaluation of CT scans for differentiation of COVID-19 findings from other clinical entities. Here we show that a series of deep learning algorithms, trained in a diverse multinational cohort of 1280 patients to localize parietal pleura/lung parenchyma followed by classification of COVID-19 pneumonia, can achieve up to 90.8% accuracy, with 84% sensitivity and 93% specificity, as evaluated in an independent test set (not included in training and validation) of 1337 patients. Normal controls included chest CTs from oncology, emergency, and pneumonia-related indications. The false positive rate in 140 patients with laboratory confirmed other (non COVID-19) pneumonias was 10%. AI-based algorithms can readily identify CT scans with COVID-19 associated pneumonia, as well as distinguish non-COVID related pneumonias with high specificity in diverse patient populations.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17971-2
PubMed: 32796848
PubMed Central: PMC7429815
Affiliations:
- Italie, Japon, République populaire de Chine, États-Unis
- Floride, Lombardie, Maryland, Massachusetts, Région de Kantō, État de New York
- Milan, Tokyo
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Policlinico Milano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Plensich, Guido Giovanni" sort="Plensich, Guido Giovanni" uniqKey="Plensich G" first="Guido Giovanni" last="Plensich">Guido Giovanni Plensich</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franceschelli, Giuseppe" sort="Franceschelli, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Franceschelli G" first="Giuseppe" last="Franceschelli">Giuseppe Franceschelli</name><affiliation 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York-Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>State University of New York-Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hammoud, Dima" sort="Hammoud, Dima" uniqKey="Hammoud D" first="Dima" last="Hammoud">Dima Hammoud</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malayeri, Ashkan" sort="Malayeri, Ashkan" uniqKey="Malayeri A" first="Ashkan" last="Malayeri">Ashkan Malayeri</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Elizabeth" sort="Jones, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Jones E" first="Elizabeth" last="Jones">Elizabeth Jones</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Summers, Ronald M" sort="Summers, Ronald M" uniqKey="Summers R" first="Ronald M" last="Summers">Ronald M. Summers</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choyke, Peter L" sort="Choyke, Peter L" uniqKey="Choyke P" first="Peter L" last="Choyke">Peter L. Choyke</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Daguang" sort="Xu, Daguang" uniqKey="Xu D" first="Daguang" last="Xu">Daguang Xu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flores, Mona" sort="Flores, Mona" uniqKey="Flores M" first="Mona" last="Flores">Mona Flores</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tamura, Kaku" sort="Tamura, Kaku" uniqKey="Tamura K" first="Kaku" last="Tamura">Kaku Tamura</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Obinata, Hirofumi" sort="Obinata, Hirofumi" uniqKey="Obinata H" first="Hirofumi" last="Obinata">Hirofumi Obinata</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mori, Hitoshi" sort="Mori, Hitoshi" uniqKey="Mori H" first="Hitoshi" last="Mori">Hitoshi Mori</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patella, Francesca" sort="Patella, Francesca" uniqKey="Patella F" first="Francesca" last="Patella">Francesca Patella</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cariati, Maurizio" sort="Cariati, Maurizio" uniqKey="Cariati M" first="Maurizio" last="Cariati">Maurizio Cariati</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carrafiello, Gianpaolo" sort="Carrafiello, Gianpaolo" uniqKey="Carrafiello G" first="Gianpaolo" last="Carrafiello">Gianpaolo Carrafiello</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="An, Peng" sort="An, Peng" uniqKey="An P" first="Peng" last="An">Peng An</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology, Xiangyang NO.1 People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine Xiangyang, Hubei, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology, Xiangyang NO.1 People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine Xiangyang, Hubei</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hubei</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Bradford J" sort="Wood, Bradford J" uniqKey="Wood B" first="Bradford J" last="Wood">Bradford J. Wood</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. bwood@cc.nih.gov.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turkbey, Baris" sort="Turkbey, Baris" uniqKey="Turkbey B" first="Baris" last="Turkbey">Baris Turkbey</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. turkbeyi@mail.nih.gov.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32796848</idno><idno type="pmid">32796848</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/s41467-020-17971-2</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7429815</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000639</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000639</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000639</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000639</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000639</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Artificial intelligence for the detection of COVID-19 pneumonia on chest CT using multinational datasets.</title><author><name sortKey="Harmon, Stephanie A" sort="Harmon, Stephanie A" uniqKey="Harmon S" first="Stephanie A" last="Harmon">Stephanie A. Harmon</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanford, Thomas H" sort="Sanford, Thomas H" uniqKey="Sanford T" first="Thomas H" last="Sanford">Thomas H. Sanford</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>State University of New York-Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>State University of New York-Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Sheng" sort="Xu, Sheng" uniqKey="Xu S" first="Sheng" last="Xu">Sheng Xu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turkbey, Evrim B" sort="Turkbey, Evrim B" uniqKey="Turkbey E" first="Evrim B" last="Turkbey">Evrim B. Turkbey</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roth, Holger" sort="Roth, Holger" uniqKey="Roth H" first="Holger" last="Roth">Holger Roth</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Ziyue" sort="Xu, Ziyue" uniqKey="Xu Z" first="Ziyue" last="Xu">Ziyue Xu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Dong" sort="Yang, Dong" uniqKey="Yang D" first="Dong" last="Yang">Dong Yang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Myronenko, Andriy" sort="Myronenko, Andriy" uniqKey="Myronenko A" first="Andriy" last="Myronenko">Andriy Myronenko</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, Victoria" sort="Anderson, Victoria" uniqKey="Anderson V" first="Victoria" last="Anderson">Victoria Anderson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amalou, Amel" sort="Amalou, Amel" uniqKey="Amalou A" first="Amel" last="Amalou">Amel Amalou</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blain, Maxime" sort="Blain, Maxime" uniqKey="Blain M" first="Maxime" last="Blain">Maxime Blain</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kassin, Michael" sort="Kassin, Michael" uniqKey="Kassin M" first="Michael" last="Kassin">Michael Kassin</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Long, Dilara" sort="Long, Dilara" uniqKey="Long D" first="Dilara" last="Long">Dilara Long</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varble, Nicole" sort="Varble, Nicole" uniqKey="Varble N" first="Nicole" last="Varble">Nicole Varble</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walker, Stephanie M" sort="Walker, Stephanie M" uniqKey="Walker S" first="Stephanie M" last="Walker">Stephanie M. Walker</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bagci, Ulas" sort="Bagci, Ulas" uniqKey="Bagci U" first="Ulas" last="Bagci">Ulas Bagci</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Research in Computer Vision, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Research in Computer Vision, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ierardi, Anna Maria" sort="Ierardi, Anna Maria" uniqKey="Ierardi A" first="Anna Maria" last="Ierardi">Anna Maria Ierardi</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stellato, Elvira" sort="Stellato, Elvira" uniqKey="Stellato E" first="Elvira" last="Stellato">Elvira Stellato</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Plensich, Guido Giovanni" sort="Plensich, Guido Giovanni" uniqKey="Plensich G" first="Guido Giovanni" last="Plensich">Guido Giovanni Plensich</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franceschelli, Giuseppe" sort="Franceschelli, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Franceschelli G" first="Giuseppe" last="Franceschelli">Giuseppe Franceschelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Girlando, Cristiano" sort="Girlando, Cristiano" uniqKey="Girlando C" first="Cristiano" last="Girlando">Cristiano Girlando</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, 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York-Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>State University of New York-Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hammoud, Dima" sort="Hammoud, Dima" uniqKey="Hammoud D" first="Dima" last="Hammoud">Dima Hammoud</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malayeri, Ashkan" sort="Malayeri, Ashkan" uniqKey="Malayeri A" first="Ashkan" last="Malayeri">Ashkan Malayeri</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Elizabeth" sort="Jones, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Jones E" first="Elizabeth" last="Jones">Elizabeth Jones</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Summers, Ronald M" sort="Summers, Ronald M" uniqKey="Summers R" first="Ronald M" last="Summers">Ronald M. Summers</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choyke, Peter L" sort="Choyke, Peter L" uniqKey="Choyke P" first="Peter L" last="Choyke">Peter L. Choyke</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Daguang" sort="Xu, Daguang" uniqKey="Xu D" first="Daguang" last="Xu">Daguang Xu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flores, Mona" sort="Flores, Mona" uniqKey="Flores M" first="Mona" last="Flores">Mona Flores</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tamura, Kaku" sort="Tamura, Kaku" uniqKey="Tamura K" first="Kaku" last="Tamura">Kaku Tamura</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Obinata, Hirofumi" sort="Obinata, Hirofumi" uniqKey="Obinata H" first="Hirofumi" last="Obinata">Hirofumi Obinata</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mori, Hitoshi" sort="Mori, Hitoshi" uniqKey="Mori H" first="Hitoshi" last="Mori">Hitoshi Mori</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patella, Francesca" sort="Patella, Francesca" uniqKey="Patella F" first="Francesca" last="Patella">Francesca Patella</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cariati, Maurizio" sort="Cariati, Maurizio" uniqKey="Cariati M" first="Maurizio" last="Cariati">Maurizio Cariati</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carrafiello, Gianpaolo" sort="Carrafiello, Gianpaolo" uniqKey="Carrafiello G" first="Gianpaolo" last="Carrafiello">Gianpaolo Carrafiello</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="An, Peng" sort="An, Peng" uniqKey="An P" first="Peng" last="An">Peng An</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology, Xiangyang NO.1 People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine Xiangyang, Hubei, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology, Xiangyang NO.1 People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine Xiangyang, Hubei</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hubei</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Bradford J" sort="Wood, Bradford J" uniqKey="Wood B" first="Bradford J" last="Wood">Bradford J. Wood</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. bwood@cc.nih.gov.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turkbey, Baris" sort="Turkbey, Baris" uniqKey="Turkbey B" first="Baris" last="Turkbey">Baris Turkbey</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. turkbeyi@mail.nih.gov.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Nature communications</title><idno type="eISSN">2041-1723</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Aged, 80 and over (MeSH)</term><term>Algorithms (MeSH)</term><term>Artificial Intelligence (MeSH)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (isolation & purification)</term><term>Child (MeSH)</term><term>Child, Preschool (MeSH)</term><term>Clinical Laboratory Techniques (methods)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (diagnosis)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term><term>Deep Learning (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Imaging, Three-Dimensional (methods)</term><term>Lung (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (virology)</term><term>Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted (methods)</term><term>Tomography, X-Ray Computed (methods)</term><term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term><term>Algorithmes (MeSH)</term><term>Apprentissage profond (MeSH)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (isolement et purification)</term><term>Enfant (MeSH)</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Imagerie tridimensionnelle (méthodes)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (diagnostic)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (imagerie diagnostique)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (virologie)</term><term>Intelligence artificielle (MeSH)</term><term>Interprétation d'images radiographiques assistée par ordinateur (méthodes)</term><term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (imagerie diagnostique)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (virologie)</term><term>Poumon (imagerie diagnostique)</term><term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus (MeSH)</term><term>Techniques de laboratoire clinique (méthodes)</term><term>Tomodensitométrie (méthodes)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic imaging" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Lung</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="imagerie diagnostique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term><term>Poumon</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Clinical Laboratory Techniques</term><term>Imaging, Three-Dimensional</term><term>Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted</term><term>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="méthodes" xml:lang="fr"><term>Imagerie tridimensionnelle</term><term>Interprétation d'images radiographiques assistée par ordinateur</term><term>Techniques de laboratoire clinique</term><term>Tomodensitométrie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Algorithms</term><term>Artificial Intelligence</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Deep Learning</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Algorithmes</term><term>Apprentissage profond</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Intelligence artificielle</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Pandémies</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Chest CT is emerging as a valuable diagnostic tool for clinical management of COVID-19 associated lung disease. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to aid in rapid evaluation of CT scans for differentiation of COVID-19 findings from other clinical entities. Here we show that a series of deep learning algorithms, trained in a diverse multinational cohort of 1280 patients to localize parietal pleura/lung parenchyma followed by classification of COVID-19 pneumonia, can achieve up to 90.8% accuracy, with 84% sensitivity and 93% specificity, as evaluated in an independent test set (not included in training and validation) of 1337 patients. Normal controls included chest CTs from oncology, emergency, and pneumonia-related indications. The false positive rate in 140 patients with laboratory confirmed other (non COVID-19) pneumonias was 10%. AI-based algorithms can readily identify CT scans with COVID-19 associated pneumonia, as well as distinguish non-COVID related pneumonias with high specificity in diverse patient populations.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32796848</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>25</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>30</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2041-1723</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>11</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>14</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Nature communications</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Nat Commun</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Artificial intelligence for the detection of COVID-19 pneumonia on chest CT using multinational datasets.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>4080</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1038/s41467-020-17971-2</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Chest CT is emerging as a valuable diagnostic tool for clinical management of COVID-19 associated lung disease. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to aid in rapid evaluation of CT scans for differentiation of COVID-19 findings from other clinical entities. Here we show that a series of deep learning algorithms, trained in a diverse multinational cohort of 1280 patients to localize parietal pleura/lung parenchyma followed by classification of COVID-19 pneumonia, can achieve up to 90.8% accuracy, with 84% sensitivity and 93% specificity, as evaluated in an independent test set (not included in training and validation) of 1337 patients. Normal controls included chest CTs from oncology, emergency, and pneumonia-related indications. The false positive rate in 140 patients with laboratory confirmed other (non COVID-19) pneumonias was 10%. AI-based algorithms can readily identify CT scans with COVID-19 associated pneumonia, as well as distinguish non-COVID related pneumonias with high specificity in diverse patient populations.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Harmon</LastName><ForeName>Stephanie A</ForeName><Initials>SA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-2507-2399</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sanford</LastName><ForeName>Thomas H</ForeName><Initials>TH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State University of New York-Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xu</LastName><ForeName>Sheng</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Turkbey</LastName><ForeName>Evrim B</ForeName><Initials>EB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Roth</LastName><ForeName>Holger</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-3662-8743</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xu</LastName><ForeName>Ziyue</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Dong</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Myronenko</LastName><ForeName>Andriy</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Anderson</LastName><ForeName>Victoria</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amalou</LastName><ForeName>Amel</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Blain</LastName><ForeName>Maxime</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-5753-8210</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kassin</LastName><ForeName>Michael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Long</LastName><ForeName>Dilara</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-5564-4773</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Varble</LastName><ForeName>Nicole</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Walker</LastName><ForeName>Stephanie M</ForeName><Initials>SM</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-0624-8723</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bagci</LastName><ForeName>Ulas</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Research in Computer Vision, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ierardi</LastName><ForeName>Anna Maria</ForeName><Initials>AM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stellato</LastName><ForeName>Elvira</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Plensich</LastName><ForeName>Guido Giovanni</ForeName><Initials>GG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Franceschelli</LastName><ForeName>Giuseppe</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Girlando</LastName><ForeName>Cristiano</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Irmici</LastName><ForeName>Giovanni</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Labella</LastName><ForeName>Dominic</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State University of New York-Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hammoud</LastName><ForeName>Dima</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Malayeri</LastName><ForeName>Ashkan</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jones</LastName><ForeName>Elizabeth</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Summers</LastName><ForeName>Ronald M</ForeName><Initials>RM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Choyke</LastName><ForeName>Peter L</ForeName><Initials>PL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xu</LastName><ForeName>Daguang</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Flores</LastName><ForeName>Mona</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NVIDIA Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tamura</LastName><ForeName>Kaku</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Obinata</LastName><ForeName>Hirofumi</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mori</LastName><ForeName>Hitoshi</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Patella</LastName><ForeName>Francesca</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-5142-0345</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cariati</LastName><ForeName>Maurizio</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-2437-6702</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carrafiello</LastName><ForeName>Gianpaolo</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>An</LastName><ForeName>Peng</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Radiology, Xiangyang NO.1 People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine Xiangyang, Hubei, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wood</LastName><ForeName>Bradford J</ForeName><Initials>BJ</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-4297-0051</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, NIH Clinical Center and National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. bwood@cc.nih.gov.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Turkbey</LastName><ForeName>Baris</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-0853-6494</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. turkbeyi@mail.nih.gov.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>75N91019D00024</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>75N91019F00129</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>ZIA CL040015</GrantID><Acronym>ImNIH</Acronym><Agency>Intramural NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>ZID BC011242</GrantID><Acronym>ImNIH</Acronym><Agency>Intramural NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D052060">Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>14</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Nat Commun</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101528555</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2041-1723</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName><SupplMeshName Type="Protocol" UI="C000657964">COVID-19 diagnostic testing</SupplMeshName><SupplMeshName Type="Organism" UI="C000656484">severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</SupplMeshName></SupplMeshList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000369" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged, 80 and over</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000465" MajorTopicYN="N">Algorithms</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001185" MajorTopicYN="Y">Artificial Intelligence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002675" MajorTopicYN="N">Child, Preschool</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019411" MajorTopicYN="N">Clinical Laboratory Techniques</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000000981" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnostic imaging</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000077321" MajorTopicYN="N">Deep Learning</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D021621" MajorTopicYN="N">Imaging, Three-Dimensional</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="N">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008168" MajorTopicYN="N">Lung</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000000981" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnostic imaging</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000000981" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnostic imaging</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName 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